Stories shaping today's conversations.

Menopause is a natural stage of ageing, but its symptoms can affect women's physical health, emotional well-being and quality of life, according to the World Health Organization (WHO).The World Health Organization has highlighted the importance of improving awareness, access to healthcare and support for women experiencing menopause, a biological transition that marks the end of their reproductive years.According to the WHO, most women experience natural menopause between the ages of 45 and 55. However, some women experience it earlier, including before the age of 40, while medical treatments and certain surgical procedures can also trigger menopause.What Is Menopause?Menopause occurs when a woman's ovaries lose their normal follicular function and produce substantially less oestrogen, eventually ending menstrual periods.Natural menopause is confirmed after a woman has gone 12 consecutive months without menstruation, provided there is no other obvious medical or physiological explanation.The transition leading up to menopause is known as perimenopause. It may last several years and can bring changes to menstrual cycles, sleep patterns, mood and overall well-being.The WHO stresses that menopause is not a disease. However, the symptoms associated with it can become severe enough to disrupt daily activities, relationships and professional life.Common Signs and SymptomsThe symptoms of menopause vary considerably. Some women experience few difficulties, while others may face several symptoms that persist for years.Common symptoms include:Hot flashes and night sweats: Sudden feelings of heat, often accompanied by sweating, skin flushing or a racing heartbeat.Irregular periods: Menstrual cycles may become unpredictable before stopping completely.Sleep difficulties: Insomnia and night sweats can interfere with restful sleep.Mood changes: Some women experience anxiety, low mood or depression.Vaginal dryness: Reduced oestrogen can cause vaginal discomfort, dryness and pain during sexual intercourse.Urinary symptoms: Some women experience urinary incontinence or other changes in bladder function.The WHO notes that these symptoms can affect physical, emotional, mental and social well-being.Health Risks After MenopauseMenopause also marks a period when women need to pay attention to certain long-term health risks.The decline in oestrogen levels is associated with accelerated bone loss, which can increase the risk of osteoporosis and fractures.Cardiovascular risk also becomes an important consideration as women age and the relative cardiovascular protection associated with their premenopausal hormonal environment diminishes.Changes in the pelvic support structures may increase the risk of pelvic organ prolapse.These changes do not mean that every woman will develop these conditions. Rather, they highlight the importance of preventive healthcare, appropriate screening and regular medical reviews.Can Menopause Symptoms Be Treated?Yes. According to the WHO, both hormonal and non-hormonal interventions are available to help manage menopause-related symptoms.Treatment should be tailored to the woman's symptoms, medical history, preferences and individual health risks. Women experiencing symptoms that interfere with daily life should discuss available options with a qualified healthcare professional.Lifestyle measures that support general health, including regular physical activity, balanced nutrition, adequate sleep and avoiding tobacco, can also contribute to healthy ageing. Specific symptoms may require additional medical treatment.Women should not start hormone therapy or other medication without appropriate clinical advice.Can a Woman Become Pregnant During Perimenopause?Yes. Pregnancy remains possible during perimenopause, even when menstrual cycles become irregular.The WHO recommends contraception to prevent unintended pregnancy until 12 consecutive months have passed without menstruation, although individual circumstances and medical advice may affect contraceptive decisions.After natural menopause, pregnancy is unlikely without specialized fertility treatment.Menopause also does not eliminate the risk of sexually transmitted infections, including HIV. Appropriate protection and testing remain important when relevant.Why Menopause Awareness MattersThe WHO has identified limited awareness, inadequate healthcare training and barriers to accessing menopause-related services as continuing public health challenges.Some women may not recognize their symptoms as menopause-related or may feel uncomfortable discussing them with family members, employers or healthcare providers.The organization advocates for better public awareness, improved training for healthcare workers, and access to counseling, diagnosis and treatment as part of routine healthcare.The WHO also emphasizes that menopause should be understood as one stage in a woman's life, rather than as an illness or the end of her ability to lead an active and fulfilling life.When Should Women Seek Medical Advice?Women should consider consulting a healthcare professional when symptoms become severe, persistently disturb sleep, affect emotional well-being or interfere with daily activities.Menopause-like symptoms occurring before age 40 warrant medical assessment. Unusual bleeding, particularly any bleeding after menopause has been established, should also be evaluated promptly.A healthcare professional can determine whether symptoms are associated with menopause or another condition and recommend appropriate care.Note:Menopause is a natural biological transition, but the symptoms and health changes associated with it deserve attention. Better awareness, early assessment of concerning symptoms and access to appropriate treatment can help women protect their health and maintain their quality of life.Women should not feel ashamed to discuss menopause or assume they must endure severe symptoms without support.Source: World Health Organization (WHO)

Sub-headline: Federal Government activates emergency public-health measures after laboratory confirmation of imported Bundibugyo Ebola virus disease in the Federal Capital Territory.ABUJA, Nigeria - October 21, 2026Nigeria has confirmed an imported case of Ebola virus disease in the Federal Capital Territory (FCT), Abuja, prompting health authorities to intensify surveillance, contact tracing and infection-control measures to prevent further transmission.The Federal Ministry of Health and Social Welfare confirmed the case on October 20, following laboratory testing of a female patient who had recently traveled to Nigeria from Uganda. The patient is currently in isolation and receiving medical care, according to the government.The World Health Organization (WHO) identified the infection as Bundibugyo Ebola virus disease, a strain associated with the ongoing outbreak in the Democratic Republic of the Congo (DRC). Nigeria has become the fifth country to detect the virus during the current outbreak, according to the WHO.Authorities identify 44 contactsHealth officials have identified 44 people who may have been exposed to the patient and are monitoring them as part of ongoing contact-tracing efforts.Those identified include healthcare workers, patients, caregivers and travel-related contacts. Authorities are continuing investigations to establish the likely source of infection and reconstruct the patient's travel and exposure history.The Federal Government has directed public and private healthcare facilities nationwide to remain on high alert. Medical personnel have been instructed to identify suspected cases promptly, isolate patients where necessary, observe strict infection-prevention protocols and report suspected infections to public-health authorities without delay.The government is also working with the Nigeria Center for Disease Control and Prevention (NCDC), the FCT Health Services Secretariat and other relevant agencies to strengthen the response.What Nigerians should know about EbolaEbola is a severe viral disease that can cause serious illness and death. It spreads primarily through direct contact with the blood or other body fluids of an infected person who is experiencing symptoms, as well as contaminated objects and surfaces.Symptoms can include fever, severe weakness, headache, muscle pain, vomiting, diarrhea and, in some cases, unexplained bleeding. Symptoms may resemble other illnesses, making prompt medical assessment important.People who suspect they have been exposed should avoid close contact with others and seek guidance from public-health authorities before visiting a healthcare facility. They should not attempt to diagnose or treat suspected Ebola at home.Health authorities also advise the public to practise good hand hygiene, avoid contact with the body fluids of suspected or confirmed cases and cooperate with contact-tracing teams.Regional outbreak raises concernsNigeria's case comes amid an evolving regional outbreak linked to the DRC, where Bundibugyo Ebola virus disease has spread across borders.The detection of imported cases has heightened concerns about international travel, surveillance and the capacity of health systems to identify infections early.However, confirmation of one case does not by itself mean that widespread transmission is occurring in Nigeria. The effectiveness of containment measures will depend on how quickly potentially exposed people are identified, monitored and supported, alongside prompt isolation and treatment of suspected cases.Nigeria draws on lessons from 2014Nigeria successfully contained an Ebola outbreak in 2014 after an infected traveler introduced the virus into Lagos. Rapid case identification, isolation, contact tracing and coordinated public-health action played important roles in that response.The current case will test the country's preparedness once again, particularly the speed of diagnosis, coordination between health agencies and the ability to trace people who may have been exposed.The Federal Government has urged Nigerians to remain calm, avoid spreading unverified information and follow official health guidance as investigations continue.Note: Nigeria's confirmed Ebola case requires vigilance, rapid contact tracing and transparent public-health communication. The immediate priority is to identify possible exposures, monitor contacts and prevent further transmission without creating unnecessary panic or stigmatizing affected people.Source for verification and accountability:Federal Ministry of Health and Social Welfare

FACTFUL24 | HEALTH | October 20, 2026A new study involving nearly 8,800 middle-aged Canadian adults has found that people who consume the highest amounts of ultra-processed foods are more likely to show signs of small-vessel damage in the brain, potentially associated with future stroke and memory problems.The research, published on October 15, 2026, in JAMA Network Open, examined dietary habits and brain MRI scans. Researchers found that participants with the highest consumption of ultra-processed foods were approximately 40% more likely to show certain signs of vascular brain injury than those who consumed the least. However, the researchers stressed that the findings show an association, not proof that these foods directly cause brain damage.Which everyday foods are researchers concerned about?The study focused on ultra-processed foods (UPFs), which undergo extensive industrial processing and often contain added sugars, salt, fats or additives.1. Sugary drinks and soft drinksRegular consumption can contribute to excessive sugar intake and metabolic problems that affect cardiovascular and brain health.2. Packaged snacks and crackersSome contain high levels of sodium, refined carbohydrates and fats, while providing relatively little fibre.3. Sugary breakfast cerealsProducts high in added sugar may displace more nutritious breakfast options when eaten frequently.4. Instant noodles and ready mealsMany varieties contain substantial sodium and may be less nutritious than balanced meals prepared with vegetables, beans, fish or other protein sources.These are examples of foods included in the broader ultra-processed category, not a ranking of individual products proven to cause brain damage. What did the research actually find?The study examined 8,783 adults aged 35–69 who had no history of cardiovascular disease. Researchers compared reported food consumption with brain MRI scans and cognitive assessments. 8,783 adultsParticipants in the Canadian analysis40% higher oddsOf certain MRI signs of vascular brain injury among those with the highest versus lowest intakeNo significant cognitive differenceThe study did not find significant differences in measured memory, attention and thinking performance.The 40% figure refers to the relative odds of particular MRI abnormalities, not a 40% chance of developing dementia or having a stroke. The study was cross-sectional, meaning researchers assessed participants at one point rather than following changes over time. It therefore cannot establish that ultra-processed foods caused the brain abnormalities. What can people do to protect their brain health?Nutrition experts recommend focusing on a balanced eating pattern rather than becoming fearful of individual foods.Eat more fruits and vegetables, including leafy greens.Choose beans, lentils, whole grains and other fiber-rich foods regularly.Include nutritious protein sources such as fish, eggs and beans.Drink water more often instead of sugar-sweetened drinks.Check food labels for added sugar, sodium and saturated fat.Replace highly processed foods gradually rather than attempting an unrealistic total ban.These are general healthy-eating measures; the study did not prove that making these specific changes reverses existing brain injury. Note:The research adds to concerns about the relationship between heavily processed diets and long-term vascular health. Its most important finding is that some brain MRI abnormalities associated with future health risks may be present even in adults who do not have obvious symptoms.But the headline needs context: researchers found an association, not proof that everyday processed foods directly damage the brain. Longer-term studies are needed to establish whether reducing consumption can prevent or slow these changes.Source:Medicalxpress

Health | October 13, 2026A growing nutrition trend encourages people to eat a wider variety of plant foods each week. From beans and vegetables to nuts, grains and spices, small changes to everyday meals can help people diversify their diets.Why Eating 30 Different Plants a Week Is Gaining AttentionEating a variety of plant foods is gaining attention as researchers explore the relationship between diet, gut bacteria and long-term health.The idea of consuming 30 different plants each week became popular following research published in 2018 through the American Gut Project. The study found that people who reported eating at least 30 different plant foods weekly tended to have more diverse gut microbiomes than those who reported eating fewer than 10.The gut microbiome consists of the microorganisms living in the digestive tract. These organisms interact with food, help break down certain dietary fibres and contribute to several processes involved in maintaining health.A more diverse plant-rich diet supplies a wider range of fibres and naturally occurring compounds that different gut microbes can use.However, the 30-plant target should not be treated as a universal medical requirement. Researchers have noted that the precise number is not a scientifically established threshold, and people may benefit from increasing their plant variety even if they do not reach 30.The important message is to focus on dietary variety rather than counting alone.What Counts as One Plant Food?One common misconception is that eating 30 plants requires consuming 30 different fruits and vegetables. In reality, the approach includes several categories of plant-based foods.1. FruitsFruits provide vitamins, minerals, fibre and other beneficial plant compounds.Examples include:Oranges and tangerinesBananas and pawpawMangoes and pineapplesWatermelonGuavaApplesAvocadosEating different fruits throughout the week helps increase variety rather than relying on a single favourite.2. VegetablesVegetables are another important source of dietary fibre and micronutrients.Options include:Spinach and other leafy greensUgu, or fluted pumpkin leavesOkraCarrotsCabbageTomatoesOnionsPeppersGarden eggsUsing several vegetables in soups, stews and other everyday dishes can increase plant diversity without requiring a completely different menu.3. Beans and other legumesLegumes are particularly useful because they provide fibre and plant-based protein.Examples include:Brown beansBlack-eyed peasChickpeasLentilsKidney beansGreen peasSoybeansBeans can be incorporated into meals such as moi moi, bean porridge and vegetable stews. Different varieties can contribute to dietary diversity.4. Whole grainsWhole grains provide fibre and other nutrients that may be reduced when grains undergo extensive refining.Examples include:OatsBrown riceWhole-wheat breadMilletSorghumQuinoaWhole-grain maizeWhere practical, replacing some refined grains with whole-grain alternatives can help increase both fibre intake and plant variety.5. Nuts and seedsNuts and seeds contain varying amounts of healthy unsaturated fats, fibre, minerals and other nutrients.Examples include:GroundnutsAlmondsCashew nutsWalnutsSesame seedsPumpkin seedsChia seedsFlaxseedsSmall quantities can be added to breakfast, snacks, salads or other meals.6. Herbs and spicesHerbs and spices also contribute to plant variety. Examples include ginger, garlic, turmeric, cinnamon, basil, parsley and various peppers.Some plant-diversity tracking systems count herbs and spices as fractions of a plant point because people often consume them in smaller quantities. Counting methods vary, so the goal should be to use a practical and consistent approach rather than obsess over exact scores.Tea, coffee and cocoa can also contribute plant-derived compounds, although their inclusion and scoring depend on the method being used.How to Reach 30 Plants Without Buying Expensive FoodsOne of the most useful lessons from the BBC Future experiment was that increasing plant variety did not necessarily require a more expensive shopping list.The reporter, Melissa Hogenboom, initially aimed for 30 plants but ultimately counted approximately 51 over a week. She used familiar meals, cupboard staples, frozen ingredients and leftovers rather than preparing elaborate salads every day.Here are practical ways to apply the same principle.Start with breakfast. Add oats, banana, groundnuts or chia seeds to your usual breakfast where appropriate. Alternate between different fruits during the week instead of buying only one type.Improve familiar meals. Add carrots, cabbage, tomatoes, onions, peppers or leafy greens to meals you already prepare.Keep beans in your weekly menu. Beans, lentils and peas provide variety and can be used in several affordable dishes.Buy ingredients that can serve multiple meals. Onions, tomatoes, peppers, leafy vegetables and beans can be incorporated into different recipes throughout the week.Use frozen or dried ingredients when economical. Frozen vegetables, dried beans, oats and seeds can be convenient alternatives to purchasing large quantities of fresh produce at once.Make small additions rather than changing everything. Adding one new plant ingredient to a familiar meal is often easier to sustain than adopting a completely new diet.A Simple Seven-Day Plant-Diversity PlanThe following example illustrates how a Nigerian household can build variety around familiar foods. It is not a prescribed diet, and the ingredients can be adjusted to suit personal preferences, availability and budget.Monday: Oats and banana for breakfast; beans with vegetables for lunch; rice with tomato, onion and leafy-vegetable stew for dinner.Tuesday: Pawpaw or orange with breakfast; yam and vegetable sauce; a bean-based meal with carrots and peppers.Wednesday: Millet porridge; rice with beans and vegetables; a soup containing ugu, okra, tomatoes and onions.Thursday: Oats with groundnuts; boiled plantain with vegetable stew; a meal containing lentils or peas if available.Friday: A different seasonal fruit; moi moi with vegetables; brown rice or another whole grain with beans and leafy greens.Saturday: Breakfast with a different fruit and seeds; a vegetable-rich soup; a meal using chickpeas, beans or peas.Sunday: Combine available fruits, vegetables, grains, legumes, nuts and seeds into familiar family meals while using leftover ingredients to minimize waste.The goal is to count distinct plant foods across the week, not the number of times each food appears. For example, eating bananas on four different days generally counts as one plant variety, not four.What Does the Science Say About Gut Health?The evidence supporting plant diversity is promising, but it needs to be interpreted carefully.The 2018 American Gut Project study identified an association between greater plant-food variety and greater gut-microbiome diversity. That finding does not establish that reaching exactly 30 plants causes better health for everyone.Subsequent research on dietary patterns suggests that eating a range of fibre-rich plant foods can help support beneficial gut microbes. Some of these microbes produce short-chain fatty acids when they ferment certain dietary fibres, compounds involved in maintaining the gut environment.A varied plant-rich diet may also help people obtain a broader range of vitamins, minerals and other nutrients.Nevertheless, microbiome diversity is only one aspect of health. A person's overall diet, physical activity, sleep, medical history and other factors also matter.It would therefore be misleading to claim that eating 30 plants automatically prevents disease, guarantees longevity or treats an existing medical condition.What If You Cannot Afford 30 Different Plants?The target should not become a source of financial pressure.People can begin with the foods they already have and gradually increase variety. Affordable staples such as beans, groundnuts, millet, sorghum, maize, onions and seasonal vegetables can make a meaningful contribution.Dried beans and grains can often be stored for longer than fresh produce. Buying seasonal foods and planning meals around overlapping ingredients can also help control costs.If your current diet contains very little fiber, increase high-fiber foods gradually and drink adequate fluids. A sudden increase can cause bloating or discomfort in some people.People with medical conditions requiring specific dietary restrictions should adapt the approach to their individual needs.The Challenge Is Consistency, Not PerfectionThe practical lesson from the 30-plant trend is that dietary variety can often be increased through ordinary meals rather than complicated recipes.Planning ahead helps, but it is not necessary to prepare a different dish every day. Ingredients can be reused in soups, stews, breakfasts and lunches while still contributing to a varied weekly diet.Keeping a simple list of the plant foods eaten during the week can reveal gaps and suggest easy additions for the next shopping trip.Factful24 Health Takeaway: Eating 30 different plant foods each week is a useful way to encourage dietary variety, but it is not a compulsory health threshold. Start with affordable, familiar foods, gradually introduce new ingredients and prioritise a balanced, sustainable eating pattern over achieving a perfect score.Source: BBC Future — How can I eat 30 plants a week?

Health | October 13, 2026Persistent tiredness, unexplained bruises, unusual paleness and growing lumps can be easy to dismiss as everyday childhood problems. Health experts are urging parents and caregivers to recognise warning signs and seek medical advice when symptoms persist or worsen.Why Childhood Cancer Symptoms Can Be Difficult to RecogniseChildhood cancer can be difficult to identify in its early stages because many warning signs resemble common illnesses, minor injuries or the normal ups and downs of growing up.A child who feels unusually tired may appear to be struggling with school activities. Unexplained bruises might initially be attributed to playing outdoors, while persistent nasal congestion or watery eyes may resemble allergies.However, when symptoms persist, become more severe or occur together, medical assessment becomes increasingly important.A BBC News report highlights the experiences of families whose children were diagnosed with cancer after initially displaying symptoms that were difficult to recognise.According to Cancer Research UK, approximately 1,900 children aged 0–14 are diagnosed with cancer each year in the UK. Although childhood cancer remains relatively rare, it is a significant cause of disease-related death among children.The challenge is not to make parents fearful of every cough, bruise or episode of tiredness. Instead, it is to help families recognise when something is unusual for their child and needs further investigation.The Warning Signs Parents Should Look Out ForHealth professionals advise parents to pay attention to symptoms that persist, become more noticeable or occur in combination.1. Extreme or unexplained tirednessChildren naturally become tired after school, sports or other activities. Persistent exhaustion that seems disproportionate to their usual routine is different.A child may struggle to participate in activities they previously enjoyed, sleep more than usual or become breathless after mild exercise.In Amelia Carroll's case, highlighted in the BBC report, tiredness and breathlessness were among the early symptoms before she was diagnosed with acute myeloid leukaemia.Persistent fatigue can have many causes, including infections, anaemia and sleep problems. However, unexplained or worsening tiredness should be discussed with a healthcare professional.2. Unexplained bruising or bleedingBruises are common during childhood, especially among active children. Concern increases when bruises appear without a clear injury, occur unusually frequently or are accompanied by other symptoms.Parents should also look out for unexplained nosebleeds, bleeding gums or unusual small red or purple spots on the skin.Some blood cancers, including leukaemia, can affect the production of normal blood cells, potentially causing easy bruising or bleeding.Amelia's mother became particularly concerned after her daughter developed unexplained bruises, including raised, painful bruises on her legs. Medical investigations subsequently confirmed her diagnosis.Unexplained bruising does not automatically indicate cancer, but a sudden or unusual pattern deserves prompt medical attention.3. Unusual palenessA child who appears noticeably paler than usual, particularly when accompanied by fatigue, weakness or breathlessness, should be assessed by a healthcare professional.Paleness can be associated with anaemia and other conditions. In some cases, it may occur when a disease affects the production of red blood cells.Parents should look for changes from their child's normal appearance rather than relying on comparisons with other children.4. Lumps, bumps or swelling that do not go awayMany childhood lumps result from infections, swollen lymph nodes or harmless conditions.However, a lump that continues growing, remains unexplained or does not resolve as expected should be examined by a healthcare professional.Pay attention to unexplained swelling in the neck, armpits, abdomen, chest or limbs. Persistent abdominal enlargement or pain also warrants assessment.The location, size, consistency and duration of a lump can help clinicians determine whether further investigation is needed.5. Persistent pain, headaches or changes in movementChildren sometimes experience aches and pains as they grow or recover from minor injuries. Persistent or unexplained pain should not automatically be attributed to growing pains.Warning signs include bone pain that does not improve, pain that wakes a child at night, a persistent limp or reluctance to walk.Repeated headaches, particularly when accompanied by vomiting, visual changes, balance problems or unusual drowsiness, also require medical evaluation.These symptoms have many possible causes. Their significance depends on the pattern, severity and other changes occurring at the same time.6. Frequent infections or unexplained feverChildren commonly experience infections, particularly when attending school or childcare.Nevertheless, repeated, unusually severe or prolonged infections, or a fever that persists or repeatedly returns without an obvious explanation, should be assessed.Certain cancers can affect the immune system or the normal production of blood cells, making infections more frequent or difficult to fight.Parents should tell the clinician how often the infections occur, how long they last and whether the child returns to normal between episodes.7. Unexplained weight loss or reduced appetiteChanges in appetite can occur during ordinary childhood illnesses or periods of development.However, noticeable weight loss without an explanation, especially when accompanied by persistent fatigue, pain, fever or other symptoms, should not be ignored.Keeping track of changes in eating habits, energy levels and growth can help parents explain their concerns during a medical appointment.8. Changes in vision, behaviour or coordinationSome childhood cancers can affect the brain, nervous system or eyes.Possible warning signs include new vision problems, unusual eye appearance, unexplained seizures, changes in walking or balance, and significant changes in behaviour or alertness.A sudden or severe neurological symptom requires urgent medical assessment rather than waiting to see whether it disappears.Two Families' Experiences Highlight the Importance of Early RecognitionThe BBC report describes two children whose experiences illustrate how easily early symptoms can be mistaken for less serious problems.Amelia Carroll: From Unexplained Bruising to a Leukaemia DiagnosisAmelia was 13 when she was diagnosed with acute myeloid leukaemia.Her mother, Gemma, recalled that Amelia had been unusually tired and became breathless after relatively mild exercise. Initially, the symptoms were attributed to tiredness after school and being unfit.The appearance of unexplained bruises prompted greater concern. According to the BBC, Amelia received her diagnosis within approximately 10 days of the family becoming concerned about the bruising.She subsequently began treatment and is now in remission, with ongoing follow-up and regular medical tests.Her experience demonstrates why a new symptom should be considered alongside other changes in a child's health.Jake Swinscoe: Symptoms Initially Mistaken for AllergiesThe report also recounts the experience of Jake Swinscoe, who was diagnosed with a soft-tissue cancer after developing symptoms that initially resembled hay fever.His mother, Lynsey, recalled that a stuffy nose and watery eyes were initially attributed to allergies, while his tiredness was thought to be ordinary end-of-term exhaustion.Concern increased when swelling developed across the bridge of his nose. Medical investigations identified a mass in his nasal cavity, and he was diagnosed with alveolar rhabdomyosarcoma.Jake underwent chemotherapy and proton beam radiotherapy. He later chose to stop further treatment and died at home on April 26, 2024, shortly before his 14th birthday.His mother has spoken about raising awareness so that his experience can help other families recognise concerning symptoms.These stories do not mean that ordinary tiredness, allergies or bruises are likely to be cancer. They illustrate the importance of reassessing symptoms when they persist, change or occur alongside other unexplained problems.When Should Parents Take a Child to the Doctor?Parents and caregivers should arrange a medical assessment if a child develops symptoms that are unusual for them, especially if those symptoms persist, worsen or occur together.A campaign discussed in the BBC report highlights a useful reminder for healthcare professionals: the “rule of three”. It encourages consideration of further investigation or referral when a child has three persistent symptoms, has attended three medical appointments for the same problem, or has experienced unexplained symptoms for three weeks.This is an awareness tool for healthcare professionals, not a rule that parents must wait to satisfy. Do not delay seeking medical attention until three symptoms or three weeks have passed. A single concerning symptom may require prompt assessment.Seek emergency care for severe breathing difficulty, a seizure, reduced consciousness, significant uncontrolled bleeding or another sudden, serious deterioration.When visiting a clinician, parents can help by explaining when the symptoms began, how they have changed, how frequently they occur and whether several symptoms appeared around the same time.Childhood Cancer Is Not Always a Death SentenceA cancer diagnosis can be devastating for a child and their family. However, outcomes for many childhood cancers have improved substantially over recent decades.The BBC report cites UK survival figures indicating that more than eight in 10 children survive for five to 10 years or longer after diagnosis.Survival varies considerably depending on the type of cancer, its characteristics, the child's circumstances and response to treatment. The overall figure should not be interpreted as a guarantee for any individual child.Earlier recognition can help children receive appropriate investigations and treatment sooner. In some cases, this may reduce the complications associated with advanced disease or the need for more intensive treatment.Parents should seek reliable medical advice rather than relying on online symptom lists to diagnose a child themselves.The Role of Parents, Schools and Healthcare WorkersParents are often the first to notice changes in a child's behaviour, energy or physical appearance. Teachers, school nurses, caregivers and other adults who spend time with children may also notice unusual changes.Their observations can be valuable when they are communicated clearly to the child's healthcare provider.Schools and families can help by taking persistent symptoms seriously, documenting recurring problems and encouraging follow-up when a child does not improve as expected.Healthcare professionals also play a vital role by listening to parental concerns, examining children when appropriate and arranging further tests or specialist referrals when symptoms warrant investigation.The goal is not to create panic or encourage unnecessary testing. It is to reduce avoidable delays when a child's symptoms indicate that further assessment is needed.Note:Childhood cancer is rare, and most childhood bruises, infections, headaches and episodes of tiredness are not caused by cancer. Nevertheless, persistent or worsening symptoms deserve attention.Parents should look out for unexplained bruising, unusual paleness, extreme tiredness, growing lumps, persistent pain, recurring fever, unexplained weight loss and changes in vision or coordination.Trust your knowledge of your child. If something is persistently unusual, seek medical advice rather than waiting for more symptoms to appear.Early assessment does not mean a child has cancer. It means giving the child the opportunity to receive the right diagnosis and care as soon as possible.Source: BBC News

Nollywood actress and filmmaker Ruth Kadiri has called on the National Agency for Food and Drug Administration and Control, NAFDAC, to step up efforts against the circulation of suspected fake, contaminated and unsafe consumer products in Nigeria.In a video shared on Instagram, Kadiri expressed concern over the safety of food, drinks, medicines, cosmetics and household products purchased daily by Nigerians. She said many consumers buy such items believing they are safe, only to later fear that they may be poorly produced, contaminated or counterfeit.“This is not just a business problem. It’s a threat to human life,” Kadiri said. Concern Over Children and MedicinesKadiri said she was particularly worried about the possible impact of unsafe products on children and people relying on medication.She questioned what could happen when a sick person buys medicine from a pharmacy in the hope of recovering but unknowingly receives a product that may be ineffective, counterfeit or unsafe. She also raised concerns about children reportedly experiencing kidney-related health problems.However, the actress’s comments about particular illnesses should be treated as concerns rather than confirmed medical findings. A direct link between a product and a specific illness can only be established through medical assessment, laboratory testing and regulatory investigation.NAFDAC has similarly warned that claims made online cannot, on their own, prove that a food, drug or consumer product is counterfeit, adulterated or unsafe. The agency says credible complaints should be investigated and scientifically verified before conclusions are drawn.Actress Shares Garlic ExperienceKadiri also recounted an experience involving garlic she bought and blended at home.According to her, she briefly stepped away after blending the garlic and returned to find that its colour had changed. The experience heightened her concerns about the quality of certain food products available to consumers.Still, a change in the colour of blended garlic alone does not prove that the product was fake or contaminated. Food can change colour for several reasons, and a laboratory examination would be needed to determine whether there was any safety concern.Kadiri used the incident to encourage Nigerians to be more cautious about the products they buy and consume.‘It Is a We Problem’The actress argued that counterfeit and substandard products should not be seen only as an individual consumer problem.“It’s not just a buying problem. It is a we problem,” she said.Kadiri urged Nigerians to speak up when they notice suspected fake products being produced or sold in their communities, rather than ignoring the issue.She also appealed directly to NAFDAC to strengthen its monitoring, inspections and enforcement efforts.“NAFDAC, please pay attention to the lives of Nigerians,” she said.NAFDAC’s PositionNAFDAC has acknowledged public concerns about counterfeit, adulterated and substandard goods, but it has urged Nigerians to avoid relying solely on social-media claims.In September, the agency said allegations involving suspected fake or adulterated food products must be backed by proper investigation and scientific verification. It also reported removing 7,210 suspected fake, substandard and non-compliant regulated products during a nationwide surveillance operation.The agency has also issued product alerts over specific suspected counterfeit goods. In April, reports said two unregistered toothpaste products—“Coglaet ActivGel” and “Coglaet Herbal”—were discovered in Kaduna State. The products reportedly lacked NAFDAC registration numbers, batch numbers and verifiable manufacturer details.What Consumers Can DoKadiri’s message highlights the importance of consumer vigilance, while also stressing that suspected cases should be reported through appropriate channels for investigation.Consumers can take practical precautions by:Checking expiry dates, seals, batch numbers and product labels before purchase.Looking for a valid NAFDAC registration number on regulated products.Avoiding products with suspicious packaging, unusual odour, damaged seals or unclear manufacturer details.Keeping receipts and packaging where a product is suspected to be unsafe.Reporting suspected counterfeit, substandard or adulterated products to NAFDAC rather than relying only on social-media posts.Kadiri’s appeal has added to the growing public pressure for stronger consumer protection. Her central message is that fake and unsafe products can affect anyone, and preventing harm requires action from regulators, manufacturers, sellers and the public.source: Dailypost, gistreel

Veteran Nollywood actor Pete Edochie has opened up about his recent health struggles, revealing that walking has become difficult and that he has been experiencing swelling in different parts of his body.The 79-year-old actor disclosed this during a visit to fellow Ghanaian actor Emmanuel Armah in Accra, Ghana.Edochie, who is currently in Ghana, said he remains hopeful that his condition will improve despite the physical challenges he is experiencing.“Sitting down here, I am not very well myself. Walking is a problem for me now, but I still have hope that I will recover,” he said.‘Parts of my body are swollen’The veteran actor further revealed that he sometimes wakes up to discover that parts of his body have become swollen.According to Edochie, the swelling can later subside before occurring elsewhere.“Sometimes I get up, and parts of my body are swollen. After some time, it goes down again. Like my hand is swollen now,” he said.He did not publicly disclose a specific medical diagnosis for the symptoms during the conversation.His comments have prompted concern among fans and well-wishers, particularly because the actor has remained a prominent figure in Nollywood for several decades.Edochie reveals his deepest wishWhile discussing his health, Edochie also shared an emotional prayer concerning his eventual death.He said he regularly asks God, whom he described as the author of life, to take him when his time comes rather than allow him to become a burden to those around him.“I just keep asking God, ‘You are the author and finisher of life. Whenever it’s time to go, just take me. Don’t let me bother the people who are around me. Just take me,’” he said.The statement came in the context of Edochie's concern about depending heavily on others as he deals with his current physical difficulties.He nevertheless emphasised that he remains hopeful about recovering.Emotional visit to Emmanuel ArmahEdochie's health disclosure came during an emotional visit to Emmanuel Armah, a Ghanaian actor who has reportedly been dealing with serious health challenges for almost 11 years.According to reports, Armah's health problems began while he was working in the United States. His wife, Stella Amina Armah, has previously spoken about his condition and the treatment he has received over the years.Reports indicate that Armah is undergoing physiotherapy and receives regular massages as part of his care.During the visit, Edochie prayed for his colleague's recovery and also provided financial assistance towards his care.The meeting reportedly carried particular emotional significance because of the longstanding relationship between the two actors.Edochie remains hopefulDespite describing his current physical difficulties, Edochie's remarks did not indicate that he had given up hope of recovering.Instead, he repeatedly expressed faith that his condition could improve.His comments have also highlighted the personal realities that can accompany ageing, particularly for people who have spent decades in demanding professions.For now, Edochie has not publicly provided further medical details about the cause of his walking difficulties or the recurring swelling.His disclosure is therefore best understood as a personal account of symptoms he is experiencing, rather than a confirmed medical diagnosis.The veteran actor continues to maintain that he hopes to recover while placing his situation in God's hands.His emotional remarks have since prompted an outpouring of concern and goodwill from fans and colleagues, many of whom have expressed hopes for his recovery and continued well-being.Source:https://www.gistreel.com/parts-of-my-body-are-swollen-pete-edochie-opens-up-about-health-struggles-reveals-his-deepest-wish/

A New Orleans music producer, Mykel “MykelOnTheBeat” Cook, has been arrested after a female artist accused him of knowingly exposing her to HIV without disclosing his status.Cook, 33, was booked into the Orleans Justice Center on September 18, 2026, on a charge of intentional exposure to HIV/AIDS. He was initially held without bond before a magistrate later set his bond at $250,000 and issued a domestic protective order for the alleged victim. Cook has since been released on bond.The woman at the centre of the case is 38-year-old Jayvonda Bazile, professionally known as BOG Vonnie, a New Orleans bounce artist.According to the arrest affidavit, Cook met Bazile in 2018 after offering to help her pursue a career in music. He later became her producer. Their professional relationship subsequently became personal, with Bazile telling NOLA.com that they were friends who also became sexually involved.Bazile alleges that she later discovered she was HIV-positive and learned that Cook had allegedly known about his own HIV status for years without informing her. The allegations form the basis of the criminal charge against him.Why Bazile Went PublicBazile has chosen to publicly discuss the case, saying she wants people in the music industry to take HIV testing seriously.She also expressed concern that other people may have been exposed and encouraged individuals who may have had sexual contact with Cook to get tested. Her public statements are allegations and have not been established as facts in a criminal trial.The case has attracted particular attention because Cook has worked with several recognizable names in hip-hop. His reported production credits include Boosie BadAzz, Chance the Rapper, Fredo Bang and NBA YoungBoy.What the Law SaysLouisiana law criminalizes the intentional exposure of another person to HIV without informed consent under circumstances covered by the state's intentional-exposure statute.The charge against Cook is therefore not simply that he was HIV-positive. The allegation prosecutors are pursuing concerns knowing exposure without the other person's informed consent.Cook has not been convicted, and the allegations remain subject to the judicial process. He has not entered a public plea in the case, according to reporting available at the time of publication. Previous Legal HistoryReports also state that Cook has previous domestic-violence convictions from 2021 and 2023, involving St. Charles Parish and Jefferson Parish respectively. These prior cases are separate from the current HIV-exposure allegation.A Case Raising Wider Health QuestionsBeyond the criminal proceedings, the case has sparked discussion about HIV testing, disclosure and sexual health within the entertainment industry.Bazile's decision to identify herself publicly has placed the focus on the importance of people knowing their HIV status and communicating relevant sexual-health information to partners.Modern HIV treatment can also dramatically reduce the amount of virus in a person's body. People living with HIV who maintain an undetectable viral load through effective treatment do not transmit HIV through sex, commonly summarized as U=U (Undetectable = Untransmittable). This medical fact is distinct from the criminal allegations in the Cook case.For now, the legal question is whether prosecutors can establish the elements of the intentional-exposure charge. Cook's arrest and the allegations against him should not be treated as a finding of guilt. The case remains ongoing. Source: Pulse Nigeria

A Nigerian nurse has challenged the widely held belief that “thinking too much” directly causes high blood pressure, describing the claim as a misconception.The nurse made the clarification in a video circulating on social media, where she addressed a common explanation often given to people diagnosed with hypertension.“Nigerians, too much thinking does not cause high blood pressure,” she said.According to her, thinking takes place in the brain, while hypertension primarily involves the cardiovascular system, including the heart and blood vessels.“You think with your brain. It is your brain you are using to think,” she said.She explained that the frontal lobe of the brain is involved in thinking, while high blood pressure concerns pressure within the blood vessels and the work of the cardiovascular system.Family History Can Increase the RiskThe nurse identified genetics and family history among the factors that can increase a person's risk of developing hypertension.She stressed, however, that having a family member with high blood pressure does not mean a person will necessarily develop the condition.“If you have a family member that is hypertensive, I’m not saying you must have it though. It puts you at a risk of having it,” she said.Family history is one of several recognised risk factors for hypertension.Too Much Salt May Raise Blood PressureThe nurse also warned about excessive salt consumption, advising people to be careful about the amount of salt and seasoning added to their meals.“Too much salt can lead to high blood pressure,” she said.High sodium intake can contribute to increased blood pressure, particularly in people who are sensitive to sodium.Physical Inactivity Is Another Risk FactorThe nurse further urged people to become more physically active, particularly those who spend long periods sitting or lying down.She criticised lifestyles in which people spend much of their day on their phones and social media without making time for physical activity.“You cannot even stand up and say, let me just walk around more. Let me just take a stroll,” she said.Regular physical activity is widely recommended as part of a healthy lifestyle and can help with blood-pressure control.Overweight and ObesityBeing overweight or obese was another factor identified by the nurse.“When somebody is too fat or when somebody is overweight, it can lead to high blood pressure,” she said.Excess body weight is associated with a higher risk of hypertension, making weight management an important part of cardiovascular health.Smoking and Excessive AlcoholThe nurse also identified smoking and excessive alcohol consumption as factors associated with high blood pressure.“Smoking, it can cause high blood pressure,” she said.On alcohol consumption, she added: “Excessive alcohol consumption can lead to high blood pressure.”Both tobacco use and heavy alcohol consumption are recognised cardiovascular risk factors.Age Also MattersThe nurse noted that increasing age can also raise the likelihood of developing hypertension.As people grow older, changes in the arteries and other cardiovascular processes can contribute to increased blood pressure.What About Stress and Worry?While the nurse rejected the idea that excessive thinking itself should be described as a direct cause of hypertension, she also discussed chronic stress and inadequate rest.She referred to people who work continuously without taking sufficient time to rest as examples of individuals who may experience chronic stress.“Chronic stress, those of you that don’t use to rest,” she said.The distinction is important.Stress can cause a temporary increase in blood pressure, and repeated or prolonged stress may contribute to unhealthy behaviours or other factors associated with cardiovascular risk. However, the relationship between psychological stress and the development of chronic hypertension is more complicated than simply saying that “thinking too much” causes high blood pressure.The nurse ultimately maintained that excessive thinking should not be presented as a straightforward explanation for hypertension.“There are still more, but I promise you excessive thinking does not cause high blood pressure. Stop having that misconception,” she said.Key Factors Associated With High Blood PressureThe discussion highlights several established risk factors associated with hypertension, including:Family history and geneticsHigh sodium intakePhysical inactivityOverweight and obesitySmoking and tobacco useExcessive alcohol consumptionIncreasing ageCertain aspects of long-term stress and lifestyleHowever, hypertension does not always have an obvious single cause. A person's blood pressure can be influenced by a combination of genetic, biological, dietary and lifestyle factors.People should therefore avoid assuming that high blood pressure is simply the result of worrying or thinking excessively.Regular blood-pressure checks can help identify hypertension, particularly because the condition may not produce noticeable symptoms in many people.Anyone with persistently elevated blood pressure readings should discuss them with a qualified healthcare professional rather than relying on assumptions about the cause.Source: GistReel, September 23, 2026.

A Nigerian woman has shared her pregnancy journey after doctors reportedly diagnosed her with eight uterine fibroids, including one measuring about 10 centimetres. The woman, who said she got married in 2023, recounted her experience in a video shared on Instagram, explaining that she discovered the fibroids during a routine medical check-up. According to her account, an abdominal scan showed multiple fibroids, with the largest measuring 10cm and the smallest about 3cm. She said she and her husband sought another medical opinion and were advised by a gynaecologist to try to conceive before proceeding with surgery. The woman said the doctor gave them six months to achieve a pregnancy before the planned procedure. After several months without becoming pregnant, she said she paid a deposit toward the surgery but repeatedly postponed the procedure while continuing to hope that she would conceive. She said she later became ill on June 25 and contacted her doctor, who advised her to take a pregnancy test. According to her, the test produced a positive result almost immediately. The woman described the pregnancy as an unexpected development, saying it occurred about six months after she had been advised to try to conceive before undergoing surgery. Her account has since attracted reactions online, with viewers celebrating the reported pregnancy and describing it as a significant personal testimony. Medical outcomes can vary considerably among women with fibroids. The presence, size and location of fibroids can affect fertility and pregnancy differently, so an individual experience should not be taken as a general medical expectation. Source: Gistreel, based on the woman’s Instagram video and account. Factful24: This report reflects the woman’s personal account. Her medical history and treatment details have not been independently verified by Factful24.

The diphtheria outbreak in Plateau State, Nigeria, has worsened, with the reported death toll rising to 27 and the number of suspected cases climbing to 303, according to the state's epidemiologist, Dr Maren Damulak. The figures represent a sharp increase from 23 deaths and 149 suspected cases previously reported. Jos North accounts for 99% of suspected cases Health authorities said approximately 99% of the suspected cases are concentrated in Jos North Local Government Area, with Rikkos community identified as one of the worst-affected areas. Children make up a significant proportion of those affected, while officials said many of the suspected patients had not received diphtheria vaccination. Schools remain closed The Plateau State Government has temporarily closed all public and private primary and secondary schools as part of efforts to slow transmission. The closure followed reports of suspected cases in Jos North, Jos South, Bassa and Wase local government areas. Authorities say the measure is intended to protect students and school staff while surveillance and other response activities are intensified. Authorities intensify response Patients are receiving treatment at Jos University Teaching Hospital (JUTH) and Plateau State Specialist Hospital, where isolation facilities have been provided. The Jos North Local Government Council has also deployed additional logistics to support contact tracing, field surveillance and community mobilisation. Governor Caleb Mutfwang has directed the mobilisation of medicines and other medical supplies to affected health facilities. Why diphtheria is dangerous Diphtheria is a highly contagious bacterial infection that can spread through respiratory droplets and close contact. It can become life-threatening when treatment is delayed, but it is vaccine-preventable. Health authorities are therefore urging residents to seek medical attention promptly when symptoms develop and to ensure children receive recommended vaccinations. Current situation Indicator Latest figure Suspected cases 303 Reported deaths 27 Previous suspected cases 149 Previous deaths 23 Most affected LGA Jos North Concentration in Jos North 99% Particularly affected community Sources: Premium Times, Punch, Anadolu Agency and The Guardian.

Nigeria is increasingly attracting Nigerians in the diaspora, other Africans and international intended parents seeking fertility treatment, with IVF and surrogacy services gaining greater attention across the country. A report by THISDAY indicates that factors including comparatively lower treatment costs, shorter waiting periods and cultural familiarity are encouraging some prospective parents to consider undergoing fertility procedures in Nigeria rather than travelling to countries such as the United Kingdom, United States, Dubai and India. According to the report, Nigeria now has more than 80 registered IVF centres, with some facilities equipped with advanced reproductive technologies, including time-lapse incubators, embryo vitrification and preimplantation genetic testing laboratories. THISDAY reported that an IVF cycle in Nigeria could cost between ₦4.5 million and ₦6.5 million, compared with significantly higher costs in the United States. The report also noted that patients may be able to commence treatment more quickly in Nigerian cities including Lagos, Abuja, Ibadan and Port Harcourt. The growing interest extends beyond IVF to gestational surrogacy, in which an embryo created through IVF is transferred to a surrogate who carries the pregnancy for the intended parents. Making Families Surrogacy Limited, a Nigerian fertility support and surrogacy agency cited by THISDAY, said it had recorded increased enquiries from Nigerians abroad and international clients in 2026. The organisation attributed the interest to shorter treatment timelines, lower costs and greater cultural familiarity. However, the growth of Nigeria's fertility and surrogacy sector comes amid calls for stronger regulation. Channels Television reported in June that Nigeria does not yet have a comprehensive legal framework specifically governing surrogacy, raising concerns about contractual disputes, parental rights and the potential exploitation of vulnerable women. Lawmakers and stakeholders have been discussing legislation aimed at providing clearer rules for the sector. A recent report by Nordica Fertility Centre also highlighted legal uncertainty surrounding surrogacy arrangements, including questions relating to birth registration, legal parentage and disagreements that could arise during pregnancy. Despite these challenges, the expansion of fertility services is gradually positioning Nigeria as an increasingly important option for people seeking assisted reproductive care. The trend could strengthen Nigeria's medical-tourism sector if improvements in clinical standards are accompanied by effective regulation, ethical safeguards, transparent pricing and adequate protection for intended parents, surrogates and children. Source: THISDAY — September 3, 2026. Editorial note: Claims regarding treatment costs, success rates, the number of IVF centres and international demand are attributed to the sources cited and should not be interpreted as independently verified by FACTFUL24.